Dr. Kary Mullis

Kary Mullis is an American Biochemist. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1993 in recognition of his outstanding contributions in the improvement of PCR technique. He shared the award with Michael Smith and also received the Japan Prize in the same year. Improvements made by Mullis in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique allowed it to become the most significant technique used in molecular biology and biochemistry.

Mullis received William Allan Memorial Award of the American Society of Human Genetics 1990, Gairdner Award 1991 Thomas A. Edison Award 1993 and California Scientist of the Year Award 1992. He was awarded with honorary degree of Doctor of Science from the University of South Carolina 1994 and honorary degree in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology from the University Of Bologna, Italy 2004.

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Kary Mullis
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1990 William Allan Memorial Award

1991 Viral Hepatitis Research Foundation Of Japan Award

1991 R&D Magazine 1991 Scientist Of The Year

1991 Gairdner Foundation International Award

1991 National Biotechnology Ventures Award

1992 Inventor Of The Year Award

1992 Cetus Corporation Biotechnology Research Award

1992 California Scientist Of The Year

1992 Robert Koch Prize

1992 John Scott Award

1993 Japan Prize

1993 Outstanding Contributions To Clinical Chemistry Award

1993 Thomas Alva Edison Award

1993 Kimble Methodology Award

1993 Nobel Prize In Chemistry

1994 Distinguished Service Award

1994 Gustavus Esselen Award For Chemistry In The Public Interest

1994 Golden Plate Award

1998 Ronald H. Brown American Innovator Award

1999 Karl Landsteiner Memorial Award

2001 Medal Of The Italian Chamber Of Deputies

2008 Baybio Lifetime Achievement Award

1. Mullis, K. B. (1968), Cosmological Significance of Time Reversal, Nature 218 : 663

2. Mullis, K. B. (1973), Schizokinen: Structure and Synthetic Work, DISSERTATION, University of California, Berkeley

3. Mullis, K., Pollack, J. and Neilands, J. (1971), Structure of Schizokinen, an Iron-Transport Compound from Bacillus gaterium, Biochemistry 10: 1071

4. Molteni, A., Zakheim, R., Mullis, K. and Mattioli, L. (1974), The Effects of Chronic Aveolar Hypoxia on Lung and Serum Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme Activity, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 147: 263

5. Mattioli, L., Zakheim, R., Molteni, A. and Mullis, K. (1975), Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme Activity in IdiopathicRespiratory Distress Syndrome in the Newborn and Experimental Aveolar Hypoxia, Journal of Pediatrics 87: 976

6. Molteni, A., Mullis, K., Mattioli, L., Zakheim, R. and Bartley, J. (1975), Prevention of Pulmonary Vascular Changes of Chronic Alveolar Hypoxia by Inhibition of Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme, Laboratory Investigations 33: 57

7. Molteni, A., Mullis, K., Zakheim, R. and Mattioli, L. (1976), Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme and Angiotensin II Levels in Women Receiving Oral Contraceptive J. Clin. Endocrinol. and Metab. 42: 588

8. Molteni, A., Mullis, K., Zakheim, R. and Mattioli, L. (1976), Effects of Changes in Dietary Sodium on Lung and Serum Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme in the Rat, Laboratory Investigations 35 : 569

9. Mullis, K.B. (1976), The Samuelson Case, Medical Dimensions 5 : 36, FICTION

10. Mullis, K., Perry, D., Finn, A., Stafford, B. and Sadee, W. (1979), Morphine Persistence in Rat Brain and Serum After Single Doses, J. Pharm. Exp. Ther. 208 : 228

11. Perry, D., Mullis, K., Oie, S. and Sadee, W. (1980), Opiate Antagonist Receptor Binding In Vivo: Evidence for a New Receptor Binding Model, Brain Research 199 : 49

12. Winkler, M., Mullis, K., Barnett, J., Stroynowski, I. and Yanofsky, C. (1982), Transcription Termination at the Tryptophan Operon Attenuator is Decreased In Vitro by an Oligomer Complementary to a Segment of the Leader Transcript, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 79 : 2181

13. Stetler, D., Das, H., Nunberg, J., Saiki, R., Sheng-Dong, R., Mullis, K., Weissman, S. and Erlich, H. (1982), Isolation of a cDNA Clone for the Human HLA-DR Antigen Alpha-Chain by Using a Synthetic Oligonucleotide as a Hybridization Probe, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 79 : 5966

14. Das, H., Biro, A., Mullis, K., Lawrence, S. and Weissman, S. (1983), The Cloning and Structure of the Heavy Chain Gene of HLA-DR in IR Genes Past, Present, and Future, Humana Press

15. Brown, S., Mullis, K., Levensen, C. and Shafer, R. (1984), Aqueous Solution Structure of an Intercalated Actinomycin D d-ATGCAT Complex by Two-dimensional and One-dimensional Proton NMR, Biochemistry 23 : 403

16. Saiki, R., Scharf, S., Faloona, F., Mullis, K., Horn, G., and Erlich, H. (1985), Enzymatic Amplification of Beta-Globin Sequences and Restriction Site Analysis for Diagnosis of Sickle Cell Anemia, Science 230 : 1350

17. Mullis, K., Faloona, F., Scharf, S., Saiki, R., Horn, G. and Erlich, H. (1986), Specific Enzymatic Amplification of DNA In Vitro: The Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology 51 : 263

18. Saiki, R., Bugawan, T., Horn, G., Mullis, K. and Erlich, H. (1986), Analysis of Enzymatically Amplified Beta-Globin and HLA-DQ-Alpha DNA with Allele-Specific Oligonucleotide Probes, Nature 324 : 6093

19. Erlich, H., Horn, G., Saiki, R., Scharf, S., Mullis, K. and Bugawan, T. (1986), Genetic Analysis Using Amplification of Specific Genomic Sequences, Current Communications In Molecular Biology: DNA Probes; Applications in Genetic and Infectious Disease and Cancer, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

20. Kwok, S., Mack, D., Mullis, K., Poiesz, B., Ehlich, G., Blair, D., Friedman-Klein, A. and Sninsky, J. (1987), Identification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Sequences by Using In Vitro Enzymatic Amplification and Oligomer Cleavage Detection, J. Virol. 61(5) : 1690

21. Mullis, K. and Faloona, F. (1989), Specific Synthesis of DNA In Vitro Via a Polymerase Catalyzed Chain Reaction, Methods in Enzymology. 155 : 335 (1987), Reprinted in Recombinant DNA Methodology. Ed. R. Wu, L. Grossman and K. Moldave. Academic Press

22. Saiki, Gelfand, Stoffel, Scharf, Higuichi, Horn, Mullis, Erlich. (1988), Primer-Directed Enzymatic Amplification of DNA with a Thermostable DNA Polymerase, Science 239 : 487

23. Mullis, K. (1989), The Polymerase Chain Reaction: Why it Works, Current Communications in Molecular Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

24. Mullis, K. (1990), The Unusual Origin of the Polymerase Chain Reaction, Scientific American 262 : 56, Reprinted in Science in the Twentieth Century: Scientific American Special Issue, April 1991

25. Mullis, K. (1990), Target Amplification for DNA Analysis by the Polymerase Chain Reaction, Annales De Biologie Clinique 48 : 579

26. Mullis, K. (1991), Rapid Purification of DNA from Blood, Juan March Foundation Lecture Course on the Polymerase Chain Reaction, Serie Universitaria 263 : 13

27. Mullis, K. (1991), The Polymerase Chain Reaction in an Anemic Mode: How to Avoid Oligodeoxyribonucleic Fusion, PCR Methods and Applications 1 : 1

28. Mullis, K. (1992), The Unlikely Origin of the Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cell and Molecular Biology, Ed. S. L. Wolfe, Wadsworth Publishing Co., Belmont, CA

29. Mullis, K. (1994), The Polymerase Chain Reaction, Les Prix Nobel (1993) and Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1994/33

30. Mullis, K. (1994), PCR and Scientific Invention : The Trial of DuPont vs. Cetus, The Polymerase Chain Reaction, Mullis, K., Ferre, F., and Gibbs, R. – Editors, Birkhauser

31. Mullis, K., A Hypothetical Disease of the Immune System that may Bear Some Relation to the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Genetica 95: 195-7, 1995.



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    Director of Molecular Biology
    Xytronyx, Inc., San Diego